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What (who) is DATIVE - definition

GRAMMATICAL CASE GENERALLY USED TO INDICATE THE NOUN TO WHICH SOMETHING IS GIVEN

Dative; Dativ; Dativus; Datives; Dativus ethicus; Ethic dative; Possessive dative; Dativus possesivus; Ethic datives; Possessive datives; Dative of purpose

dative

In the grammar of some languages, for example Latin, the dative, or the dative case, is the case used for a noun when it is the indirect object of a verb, or when it comes after some prepositions.

N-SING: the N

Dative

·noun The dative case. ·see Dative, ·adj, 1.

II. Dative ·adj Given by a magistrate, as distinguished from being cast upon a party by the law.

III. Dative ·adj Removable, as distinguished from perpetual;

- said of an Officer.

IV. Dative ·adj In one's gift; capable of being disposed of at will and pleasure, as an Office.

V. Dative ·adj Noting the case of a noun which expresses the remoter object, and is generally indicated in English by to or for with the objective.

Dative case

In grammar, the dative case (abbreviated , or sometimes when it is a core argument) is a grammatical case used in some languages to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, as in "Maria Jacobo potum dedit", Latin for "Maria gave Jacob a drink". In this example, the dative marks what would be considered the indirect object of a verb in English.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case

Wikipedia

Dative case

In grammar, the dative case (abbreviated dat, or sometimes d when it is a core argument) is a grammatical case used in some languages to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, as in "Maria Jacobo potum dedit", Latin for "Maria gave Jacob a drink". In this example, the dative marks what would be considered the indirect object of a verb in English.

Sometimes the dative has functions unrelated to giving. In Scottish Gaelic and Irish, the term dative case is used in traditional grammars to refer to the prepositional case-marking of nouns following simple prepositions and the definite article. In Georgian and Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu), the dative case can also mark the subject of a sentence. This is called the dative construction. In Hindi, the dative construction is not limited to only certain verbs or tenses and it can be used with any verb in any tense or mood.

The dative was common among early Indo-European languages and has survived to the present in the Balto-Slavic branch, the Germanic branch, Albanian and others. It also exists in similar forms in several non-Indo-European languages, such as the Uralic family of languages. In some languages, the dative case has assimilated the functions of other, now extinct cases. In Ancient Greek, the dative has the functions of the Proto-Indo-European locative and instrumental as well as those of the original dative.

Under the influence of English, which uses the preposition "to" for (among other uses) both indirect objects (give to) and directions of movement (go to), the term "dative" has sometimes been used to describe cases that in other languages would more appropriately be called lative.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative case

Examples of use of DATIVE

1. Since ‘kasaba‘ is also the dative form ARTICLE I wonder if there is any etymological connection between «kasap,» the Turkish word for butcher, and «kasaba,» the Turkish word for town.

2. You use ďî with the dative case to describe the means by which something is transmitted: ß ńë$';řŕë ýňî ďî đŕä';î. (I heard it on the radio). ß ';îâîđ';ëŕ ďî ňĺëĺôîíó. (I was speaking on the phone.) Or to indicate the means by which something has occurred: ß íŕáđŕëŕ ňâîé íîěĺđ ďî îř';áęĺ. (I dialed your phone number by mistake.) In other cases, it means "according to": '4;ń¸ ';ä¸ň ďî ďëŕíó. (Everything is going according to plan.) Ďî–ěîĺěó, îí ďëîőîé ď';ńŕňĺëü. (I think – "according to me" –– he‘s a bad writer.) You also use ďî and the dative to describe a profession or specialty: Îí ńďĺö';ŕë';ńň ďî ';ňŕëüH';íńęîěó ';ńęóńńňâó (He‘s a specialist in Italian art.) Or to describe when something usually happens in time. ß âńĺ';äŕ đŕáîňŕţ ďî óňđŕě. (I always work in the morning.) Ďî gets a little bit tricky with numbers.

3. In fact, even the great lexicographer Vladimir Dal threw up his hands over this little word: Číî';äŕ ňđóäíî ';đŕěěŕň';÷ĺńę'; îďđŕâäŕňü ďđĺäëî'; "ďî" (Sometimes it‘s hard to justify the preposition "po" grammatically.) The use of őîä';ňü ďî and the accusative case is rather uncommon and means "to walk to get something." So you might say: '4;÷ĺđŕ H'; őîä';ëŕ ďî ';đ';á$'; '; H';';îä$';. (Yesterday I gathered mushrooms and berries.) Out in the country you might hear someone say, ß őîä';ë ďî âîäó. (I went for water.) Most commonly, őîä';ňü ďî takes the dative case and means to walk along or about: ß ř¸ë ďî äîđî';ĺ (I walked along the road); ß őîä';ë ďî ëĺńó (I took a walk in the forest). You would never, ever have cause to use the nouns âîäŕ, H';';îä$';, ';đ';á$'; (water, berries, mushrooms) with őîä';ňü and the dative case.

4. With the dative case, ďî indicates the distribution of things by ones: '6;ŕéňĺ íŕě ďî H';áëîęó. (Give us each one apple.) In everyday speech, if you want to distribute people or things by twos or more, you have to switch to the accusative case: '6;ŕéňĺ íŕě ďî äâŕ H';áëîęŕ. (Give us each two apples.) Ňóđ';ńň$'; őîä';ë'; ';đóďďŕě'; ďî äĺńH';ňü ÷ĺëîâĺę. (The tourists were traveling in groups of 10 people.) Ďî and the accusative case also express "up to," in both space and time. '4;îäŕ á$';ëŕ ďî ďîH';ń. (The water was up to my waist.) In time expressions, it means "up to and including." So when your friend says, ß ć';âó íŕ äŕ÷ĺ ń ';ţíH'; ďî ńĺíňH';áđü it means he‘s out at the dacha from June through the end of September.